Contoh Soal Esay Java & Kunci Jawabannya

SOAL !!!

 
1. Apa syarat sebuah kelas dinamakan abstract ?
2. Apa arti dari override ?
3. Apa yang dimaksud identifier ? berikan 3 contohnya
4. apa yang dimaksud Enkapsulasi ?
5. Apa itu polymorphisme ?
6. Apa yang anda pahami terkait keyword private, oprtected, public , final?
7. Jelaskan apa itu kelas dan apa itu Object ?
8. Apa itu konstruktor ?
9. Apa yang dimaksud overloading ?
10. Sebutkan reserved keyword di java sebanyak yang and ketahui.

JAWABAN !!!

1. Syarat – syarat abstract class :
  • jika sebuah kelas memiliki method abstrak maka kelas itu harus menjadi kelas abstrak.
  • sebuah kelas abstrak dapat saja memiliki method yang tidak abstrak.
  • jika sebuah kelas abstrak diturunkan menjadi kelas konkret, maka semua method abstrak dari kelas abstrak haruslah ditulis ulang / dibuat ulang di kelas konkretnya dan diberi detail dari methodnya.
  • jika method abstrak di turunkan dan kelas turunannya adalah kelas abstrak, maka tidak perlu menulis ulang method yang abstrak.
2. Overriding Merupakan Suatu Keadaan Dimana kelas anak dapat mengubah atau bisa kita bilang memodifikasi atau memperluas data dan method pada kelas induk
Keuntungan Overriding : dapat menambahkan sifat / atribut pada kelas induk nya
contoh Overriding pada C#.Net
abstract class ShapesClass
{
abstract public int Area();
}

class Square : ShapesClass
{
int x, y;
// Because ShapesClass.Area is abstract, failing to override
// the Area method would result in a compilation error.
public override int Area()
{
return x * y;
}

}
 
3. Java Identifier adalah suatu tanda yang mewakili 
nama-nama vaiabel, method, class dsb. Contoh dari pengidentifikasi
adalah : Hello, main, System, out. 
 
4.  Enkapsulasi = Pembungkusan , maksudnya di sini semua objek 
yang kita definisikan / bisa juga informasi kita sembunyikan 
di dalam enkapsulasi tersebut agar tidak dapat dibaca oleh kelas 
lain yang tidak berhak membacanya. maksudnya secara lebih jelas 
agar memastikan agar object hanya dapat di ubah oleh object yang 
mendapat ijin untuk mengubahnya , bila tidak memiliki ijin maka 
tidak dapat mengubahnya atau membacanya.
 
5. Polymorphism, suatu aksi yang memungkinkan pemrogram
menyampaikan pesan tertentu keluar dari hirarki obyeknya,
dimana obyek yang berbeda memberikan tanggapan/respon terhadap 
pesan yang sama sesuai dengan sifat masing-masing obyek.
Atau Polymorphic dapat berarti banyak bentuk, maksudnya yaitu kita dapat 
menimpa (override), suatu method, yang berasal dari parent class (super class) dimana object tersebut diturunkan, sehingga memiliki kelakuan yang berbeda.
Contoh program java nya :
Simpan dengan nama BeautyfullMahasiswa.java
public class BeautyfullMahasiswa extends Mahasiswa{
public void printNama(){
System.out.println(“Hallo, saya Mahasiswa yg cantik n baik”);
Super.printNama();
}
}
Simpan dengan nama Main.java
public class Main{
public static void main(String[] args]) {
BeautyfullMahasiswa mhs = new BeautyfullMahasiswa();
mhs.setNim(“09530524”);
mhs.setNama(“Afrida Asna”);
mhs.printNim();
mhs.printNama();
}
}
Kemudian compile dan run.
C:\>javac BeautyfullMahasiswa.java
C:\>javac Main.java
C:\>java Main
Kontruksi objek mahasiswa
Nim:09530524
Hallo, saya Mahasiswa yg cantik  n baik
Nama: Afrida Asna
C:\>
6. Public adalah kode akses yang bersifat umum. dengan kata lain, data maupun method dalam suatu kodingan tersebut dapat diakses oleh semua bagian di dalam program.
Private adalah kode yang sesuai dengan namanya, akses ini bersifat private. dengan kata lain data maupun method hanya dapat diakses oleh kelas yang dimilikinya saja.
Protected adalah kode akses yang membuat suatu data atau method yang didefinisikan dengan tingkatan akses ini dapat diakses oleh kelas yang memilikinya saja dan juga kelas-kelas yang memasih memiliki keturunan atau Encapsulation data
Ketiga tingkat akses tersebut merupakan teknik dalam melakukan pembungkusan kode dan data di dalam Java.
Berikut contoh kodingan bentuk access modifiers tersebut :
Akses Public
public class StudentRecord
{
      //akses dasar terhadap variabel
      public int name;
      //akses dasar terhadap metode
      public String getName () {
                 return name;
      }
}
Dalam Contoh ini, variabel name dan method getName () dapat diakses dari object lain.
Akses Private
public class StudentRecord
{       
         //akses dasar terhadap variabel
         private int name;
          //akses dasar terhadap metode
          private String getName () {
                      return name;
           }
}
Pada contoh diatas, variabel name dan method getName() hanya dapat diakses oleh methode internal class tersebut.
Akses Protected
public class StudentRecord
{       
         //akses pada variabel
         protected int name;
          //akses dasar terhadap metode
          protected String getName () {
                      return name;
           }
}
Pada contoh diatas, variabel name dan method getName() hanya dapat diakses oleh method internal class dan subclass dari class StudentRecord.
 
7. Object
adalah instance dari class. Jika class secara umum merepresentasikan
(template) sebuah object, sebuah instance adalah representasi nyata dari
class itu sendiri.
Contoh : Dari class Fruit kita dapat membuat object Mangga, Pisang, Apel dan lain-lain.
 
8. Konstruktor
Konstruktor pada Java merupakan method khusus yang dipakai oleh Java
untuk membuat sebuah object didalam kelas dan tiap kelas boleh memiliki
lebih dari satu konstruktor.

Karakteristik konstruktor :

1. Nama Konstruktor = Nama Kelas

2. Tidak mengembalikan nilai termasuk void.

3. Cara menggunakan konstruktor adalah dengan 
menggunakan kata kunci new.
Jika didalam kelas tidak dituliskan konstruktor, Java akan secara default
 menambahkan konstruktor kosong kedalam kelas tersebut
 
9. Overloading
Overloading di Java diterpakan didalam method/fungsi. Dengan overloading dapat dibuat method dengan nama yang sama tetapi berbeda parameternya. Java sendiri akan menggunakan daftar parameter-parameter itu sebagai acuan untuk method manakah yang akan dijalankan.
contoh penggunaan konstruktor dan overloading :
class Mahasiswa { String nama; String jenkel; void setNilai(String nama){ this.nama = nama; } void setNilai(String nama,String jenkel){ this.nama = nama; this.jenkel = jenkel; } void cetak(){ System.out.println(this.nama + " adalah " + this.jenkel); } } class DemoMahasiswa{ public static void main(String args[]){ Mahasiswam1,m2; m1 = new Mahasiswa(); m2 = new Mahasiswa(); m1.setNilai("Vyor"); m2.setNilai("Vyor","laki-Laki"); m1.cetak(); m2.cetak(); } }
 
10.
abstract
boolean
break
byte
case

catch
char
class
const
continue
default
do
double
else
extends
final
finally
float
for
goto
if
implements
import
instanceof
int
interface
long
native
new
package
private
protected
public
return
short
static
strictfp
super
switch
synchronized
this
throw
throws
transient
try
void
volatile
while

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